This volume elaborates on mechatronics as the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes. It considers the integration of mechanical systems (mechanical elements, components, machines), electronic systems (microelectronics, sensor and actuator technology), and information technology. The book’s chapters present the principles of mechatronic systems design and solid materials in small elementary steps, provide an abundance of examples, and feature problems that are as practical as possible without becoming too involved with many extraneous details.

This research-oriented book, Applied Mechatronics and Mechanics: System Integration and Design, presents a clear and comprehensive introduction to applied mechatronics and mechanics. It presents some of the latest research and technical notes in the field of mechatronics and focuses on the application considerations and relevant practical issues that arise in the selection and design of mechatronics components and systems as well. In the field of mechatronics and mechanics, the variety of materials and their properties is reflected by the concepts and techniques needed to understand them: a rich mixture of mathematics, physics, and experiment. These are all combined in this informative book, based on the chapter authors' years of experience in research and teaching. With the inclusion of several case studies, this valuable volume will enable readers to comprehend and design mechatronic systems by providing a frame of understanding to develop a truly interdisciplinary and integrated approach to engineering. It will be helpful to faculty and advanced students as well as specialists from all pertinent disciplines.

The demand for economic inclusion has increasingly intensified, as manifested by the growing movements of farmers, workers, and social activists. Therefore, the question of adequate social representation of marginalized and underprivileged communities has to be made pivotal in the discourse of inclusion. This book investigates selected aspects of labour market informality in India. It examines the key factors that have expedited labour informality- contractualisation - in the manufacturing sector since the early 1990s. It analyses the features of informality and inclusion from the perspective of not just class but also the caste hierarchy in Indian society, thus offering readers an exhaustive overview of economic inclusion following the economic reforms and providing fresh insights into labour market informality through the lens of the social divisions in Indian society. Developed on a wide canvas of multiple processes, policies and factors that have contributed to this phenomenon, the book offers an elaborate analysis of contractualisation within the industry from the perspectives of labour legislation and the labour market. In addition, it contextualizes the issue of job informality for the post economic reforms era, from 1991 onwards. It examines the impact of the policies of economic reform on contractualisation across industries and states. Further, the book discusses the dynamics of the labour market reforms in India, given that there is a higher incidence of labour informality in India. It also highlights how the policy quest for inclusive growth has remained unfulfilled. This book will be a useful guide for advanced students, academic researchers, scholars and policy makers that are engaged with the issue of informal sector employment.

Mathematics Applied to Engineering in Action: Advanced Theories, Methods, and Models focuses on material relevant to solving the kinds of mathematical problems regularly confronted by engineers. This new volume explains how an engineer should properly define the physical and mathematical problem statements, choose the computational approach, and solve the problem by a proven reliable approach. It presents the theoretical background necessary for solving problems, including definitions, rules, formulas, and theorems on the particular theme. The book aims to apply advanced mathematics using real-world problems to illustrate mathematical ideas. This approach emphasizes the relevance of mathematics to engineering problems, helps to motivate the reader, and gives examples of mathematical concepts in a context familiar to the research students. The volume is intended for professors and instructors, scientific researchers, students, and industry professionals. It will help readers to choose the most appropriate mathematical modeling method to solve engineering problems.

This new volume offers a state-of-the-art report on various recent scientific developments in the theory of engineering materials. It addresses the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures.Focusing on practical applications and industry needs, and supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background, the volume provides an overview of approaches that have been developed for designing nanostructured materials. It also covers several aspects of the simulation and design of nanomaterials, analyzed by a selected group of active researchers in the field. The volume also looks at how the advancement of computational tools have enabled nanoscopic prediction of physical and chemical properties and how they can be used to simulate and analyze nanostructures.Materials Modeling for Macro to Micro/Nano Scale Systems is addressed to a wide readership and will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference source for professionals including engineers, applied mathematicians, and others working on different application of nanomaterials in engineering.

This volume enables readers to interpret and predict the effective mechanical properties of existing and emerging composites through modeling and design. The book addresses that materials and structures with small-scale dimensions do not behave in the same manner as their bulk counterparts. Once the dimensions of the materials are reduced to the micron and sub-micron range, their properties are subject to significant change. Thus, mechanical properties will be varied and will depend on the sample size. In the meantime, due to the large surface-to-volume ration of small structures, deformation mechanisms are subject to change. This volume integrates various approaches in micromechanics and nanomechanics into a unified mathematical framework, complete with coverage of both linear and nonlinear behaviors. It weaves together the basic concepts, mathematical fundamentals, and formulations of micromechanics and nanomechanics into a systemic approach for understanding and modeling the effective material behavior of composite materials. While providing information on recent developments in the mathematical framework of micro- and nanomechanics, the volume addresses highly localized phenomena and a number of interesting applications. It also illustrates application of micromechanical and nanomechanical theory to design novel engineering materials.

This volume elaborates on mechatronics as the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes. It considers the integration of mechanical systems (mechanical elements, components, machines), electronic systems (microelectronics, sensor and actuator technology), and information technology. The book's chapters present the principles of mechatronic systems design and solid materials in small elementary steps, provide an abundance of examples, and feature problems that are as practical as possible without becoming too involved with many extraneous details.

This volume focuses on the development and application of fundamental concepts in mechanics and physics of solids as they pertain to the solution of challenging new problems in diverse areas, such as materials science and micro- and nanotechnology. In this volume, emphasis is placed on the development of fundamental concepts of mechanics and novel applications of these concepts based on theoretical, experimental, or computational approaches, drawing upon the various branches of engineering science and the allied areas within applied mathematics, materials science, and applied physics. Materials Physics and Chemistry: Applied Mathematics and Chemo-Mechanical Analysis emphasizes the basics, such as design, equilibrium, material behavior, and geometry of deformation in simple structures or machines. Readers will find a thorough treatment of stress, strain, and the stress-strain relationships. Meanwhile it provides a solid foundation upon which readers can begin work in composite materials science and engineering. Many chapters include theory components with the equations students need to calculate different properties.

Mathematics Applied to Engineering in Action: Advanced Theories, Methods, and Models focuses on material relevant to solving the kinds of mathematical problems regularly confronted by engineers. This new volume explains how an engineer should properly define the physical and mathematical problem statements, choose the computational approach, and solve the problem by a proven reliable approach. It presents the theoretical background necessary for solving problems, including definitions, rules, formulas, and theorems on the particular theme. The book aims to apply advanced mathematics using real-world problems to illustrate mathematical ideas. This approach emphasizes the relevance of mathematics to engineering problems, helps to motivate the reader, and gives examples of mathematical concepts in a context familiar to the research students. The volume is intended for professors and instructors, scientific researchers, students, and industry professionals. It will help readers to choose the most appropriate mathematical modeling method to solve engineering problems.

This research-oriented book, Applied Mechatronics and Mechanics: System Integration and Design, presents a clear and comprehensive introduction to applied mechatronics and mechanics. It presents some of the latest research and technical notes in the field of mechatronics and focuses on the application considerations and relevant practical issues that arise in the selection and design of mechatronics components and systems as well. In the field of mechatronics and mechanics, the variety of materials and their properties is reflected by the concepts and techniques needed to understand them: a rich mixture of mathematics, physics, and experiment. These are all combined in this informative book, based on the chapter authors' years of experience in research and teaching. With the inclusion of several case studies, this valuable volume will enable readers to comprehend and design mechatronic systems by providing a frame of understanding to develop a truly interdisciplinary and integrated approach to engineering. It will be helpful to faculty and advanced students as well as specialists from all pertinent disciplines.

This volume focuses on the development and application of fundamental concepts in mechanics and physics of solids as they pertain to the solution of challenging new problems in diverse areas, such as materials science and micro- and nanotechnology. In this volume, emphasis is placed on the development of fundamental concepts of mechanics and novel applications of these concepts based on theoretical, experimental, or computational approaches, drawing upon the various branches of engineering science and the allied areas within applied mathematics, materials science, and applied physics. Materials Physics and Chemistry: Applied Mathematics and Chemo-Mechanical Analysis emphasizes the basics, such as design, equilibrium, material behavior, and geometry of deformation in simple structures or machines. Readers will find a thorough treatment of stress, strain, and the stress-strain relationships. Meanwhile it provides a solid foundation upon which readers can begin work in composite materials science and engineering. Many chapters include theory components with the equations students need to calculate different properties.

This volume enables readers to interpret and predict the effective mechanical properties of existing and emerging composites through modeling and design. The book addresses that materials and structures with small-scale dimensions do not behave in the same manner as their bulk counterparts. Once the dimensions of the materials are reduced to the micron and sub-micron range, their properties are subject to significant change. Thus, mechanical properties will be varied and will depend on the sample size. In the meantime, due to the large surface-to-volume ration of small structures, deformation mechanisms are subject to change. This volume integrates various approaches in micromechanics and nanomechanics into a unified mathematical framework, complete with coverage of both linear and nonlinear behaviors. It weaves together the basic concepts, mathematical fundamentals, and formulations of micromechanics and nanomechanics into a systemic approach for understanding and modeling the effective material behavior of composite materials. While providing information on recent developments in the mathematical framework of micro- and nanomechanics, the volume addresses highly localized phenomena and a number of interesting applications. It also illustrates application of micromechanical and nanomechanical theory to design novel engineering materials.

A fundamental object of study in group theory is the lower central series of groups. Understanding its relationship with the dimension series, which consists of the subgroups determined by the augmentation powers, is a challenging task. This monograph presents an exposition of different methods for investigating this relationship. In addition to group theorists, the results are also of interest to topologists and number theorists. The approach is mainly combinatorial and homological. A novel feature is an exposition of simplicial methods for the study of problems in group theory.

The book describes developments on some well-known problems regarding the relationship between orders of finite groups and that of their automorphism groups. It is broadly divided into three parts: the first part offers an exposition of the fundamental exact sequence of Wells that relates automorphisms, derivations and cohomology of groups, along with some interesting applications of the sequence. The second part offers an account of important developments on a conjecture that a finite group has at least a prescribed number of automorphisms if the order of the group is sufficiently large. A non-abelian group of prime-power order is said to have divisibility property if its order divides that of its automorphism group. The final part of the book discusses the literature on divisibility property of groups culminating in the existence of groups without this property. Unifying various ideas developed over the years, this largely self-contained book includes results that are either proved or with complete references provided. It is aimed at researchers working in group theory, in particular, graduate students in algebra.

In 1991, it was time for India to shed its obsolete guiding principles. Fundamental changes would be needed to transform India's economic lethargy into vibrancy and vigor. In "Chuk De India: A Path to Prosperity," authors Bir Singh Gujral and Narinder Singh Jolly chronicle India's post-1991 economic renaissance, which turned the nation into an emerging global economy.

Gujral and Jolly show how India, the world's second-largest country, became a key actor on the global stage. It provides the answers to questions about India's transformation:

What 1991 economic crisis forced India to secure an emergency loan from the IMF by pledging sixty-seven tons of gold as collateral?

Why was Dr. Manmohan Singh selected as the finance minister?

What revolutionary reforms were implemented to avert the crisis and make India the second-fastest growing economy of the world?

How was India able to maintain a six to seven percent economic expansion while major economies suffered through a meltdown recession in 2007-2008?

What systemic and social challenges did India confront to become a more prosperous nation?

"Chuk De India: A Path to Prosperity" explores how India currently stands as one of the most powerful and attractive world economies, how it is recognized as an emerging super power, and what it must do to maintain that status.

In 1991, it was time for India to shed its obsolete guiding principles. Fundamental changes would be needed to transform India's economic lethargy into vibrancy and vigor. In "Chuk De India: A Path to Prosperity," authors Bir Singh Gujral and Narinder Singh Jolly chronicle India's post-1991 economic renaissance, which turned the nation into an emerging global economy.

Gujral and Jolly show how India, the world's second-largest country, became a key actor on the global stage. It provides the answers to questions about India's transformation:

What 1991 economic crisis forced India to secure an emergency loan from the IMF by pledging sixty-seven tons of gold as collateral?

Why was Dr. Manmohan Singh selected as the finance minister?

What revolutionary reforms were implemented to avert the crisis and make India the second-fastest growing economy of the world?

How was India able to maintain a six to seven percent economic expansion while major economies suffered through a meltdown recession in 2007-2008?

What systemic and social challenges did India confront to become a more prosperous nation?

"Chuk De India: A Path to Prosperity" explores how India currently stands as one of the most powerful and attractive world economies, how it is recognized as an emerging super power, and what it must do to maintain that status.